[pranab]

What is beyond the boundaries of our visible universe? Probably the dark energies.
* Dark energies has suffieciently negetive pressure and can cause expansion of our universe, once it statrts dominating over the matter.
* The study of high shift supernova can determine the expansion rate of the universe. It is clear that universe was decelerating at higher red shift and statred accerating when it was about 2/3rd of the present size
* For Dark energy requires a Relativistic particle with one dimensional position say q(t) and mass is described then by the lagrangian (am i Correct in Spell?) L=-m(1-q*.2)*1/2. it will have then energy E= m(1-q*.2)*1/2 and momentum K=mq/(1-q*2)*1/2 which are related by E*2=K*2+m*2. This equation allows possibility of mass less particles with finite energy E= K*2 when m--0 and q---1, while keeping the ratio in E=m/(1-q*.2)*1/2 finite.
*If we asssume that the dark energy in the universe is due to cosmological constant then this universe will be de- sitter universe in the three phase
a) In first phase when the universe went through inflationary expansion and when hubble radius= constant
b) In second phase ie radiation and matter dominated phase when hubble radius increased monotonously
c) Accerated Expansion phase governed by cosmological constant where hubble radius is again a constant
The two de sitter phase a) & b) are of long duration and C if last for ever
and so string theory can support the Big Bang as De- sitter universe and we can tell that universe is in Re- inflation state
[ * means here to the power as there is no superscript in the tools]

Mr. Rupak Bhattacharya
Mr. Ritwik Bhattacharya
Dr. Pranab Kr Bhattacharya
www.unipathos.com